Her unique vocal style was inspired by jazz instruments, and she had a major influence in manipulating vocal tempo and phrasing, as well as on jazz and pop music. Billie Holiday (1915-59) had a career as a singer and songwriter of jazz music that lasted almost thirty years. This section will briefly touch on two of the most well-known of those jazz musicians, Bille Holliday and Louis Armstrong. Notable Jazz Musicians, Past and Present. Despite the dominance of jazz ending with the Great Depression, the music has continued to evolve with new styles and sub-genres forming as its influence on pop-culture continues to echo through time.
The 1930s saw the end of the Jazz Age and the rise of big swing bands, although people like Count Basie (1904-84) and the aforementioned Ellington helped to develop the big jazz band. Following Whiteman's success, a number of black jazz musicians like Duke Ellington (1899-1974) and Louis Armstrong (1901-71) saw success, jumping into jazz music now that it was mainstream. Whiteman is one of the major figures to popularize jazz among white, middle-class Americans.
In 1918, right before the start of the Jazz Age, Paul Whiteman (1890-1967) and his orchestra became popular in San Francisco and in the years to come they toured America and Europe. Jazz became as synonymous a part of the "Roaring Twenties" as speakeasies, flappers, and prohibition. It was during this time that the music and dance styles associated with it became popular not only across the United States but also in Europe. The Jazz Age was a period in the 1920s when jazz truly took off, spreading and reaching its height. It was also at this time that George Vital Laine (1873-1966), also known as “the father of white jazz,” led an integrated marching band that produced a number of top jazz players in the city. New Orleans was the key to the creation of jazz since many early and notable jazz performers played throughout the city, especially from the red light district of Storyville.
Ragtime would be the immediate precursor to what would become jazz, as other bands and musicians tried to imitate the style by adding improvisation. This eventually led to ragtime music appearing in the 1890s, with the most well-known of the ragtime musicians being Scott Joplin (c.1867/68-1917). Following the abolition of slavery and the end of the American Civil War (1861-65), many African Americans found work in the entertainment industry as musicians. This ended up mixing over the years with church hymns that black slaves incorporated, along with Afro-Cuban rhythms and European classical music to become what is known as jazz. New Orleans was the only place in America that allowed slaves to own drums and slaves who had come from West Africa had a strong tradition of music that they wanted to keep alive. The origins of jazz music date back to the second half of the 19th century to New Orleans.
Most styles of jazz also try to keep some kind of a steady beat that can vary from having a very fast tempo to a very low tempo. The most common instruments for jazz music are the saxophone, trumpet, piano, trombone, bass, drums, and guitar. Jazz music can be played on any instrument or using the human voice. Improvisation lets jazz musicians have a musical conversation and helps to give each jazz musician their own personal and unique sound. In jazz, improvisation gives musicians the freedom to express themselves as they can create their own interpretation of a predetermined tune. The style and characteristics of jazz music are very difficult to define because of the numerous sub-genres that have spawned out of jazz and the fact that improvisation is one of the key elements in jazz music. Stylistic Overview and Musical Characteristics Where Did Jazz Music Come From? Jazz music being played by a walking group of musicians.
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